ABSTRACT
Objectives: The blind and visually disabled people form a predominant group in the disabled society and hence, need greater attention. Most of the rehabilitation therapists, especially occupational therapists, do not focus on this group. Thus, the aim of the study is to shed light on the issue of negligent attitude of rehabilitation therapists, especially occupational therapists, toward blind and visually-impaired people
Methods:To perform this study, a systematic, evidence-based process [Duffy 2005] was used. Data for the study was gathered from the following sources: Electronic databases: Medline PubMed, CINAHL, OVID Medline, CINAHL Plus with Full Text, Cochrane Databases of Systematic Reviews, ProQuest, UpToDate, Web of Science, OT Search, OTDirect, PEDro, SID, Magiran, IRAN MEDEX, MEDLIB, and IRANDOC
Results: From accessible databases, 112 articles related to blind and people with low vision in Iran were found; of these, only 17 articles have been included in this study
Discussion: Proper assessment of the visually disabled is required to implement the appropriate intervention technique
Occupational therapists need to pay special attention to the visually disabled people
ABSTRACT
Objectives: This study was designed to determine the effects of Volar-Dorsal Wrist/Hand Immobilization Splint on upper extremity motor components and function of stroke patients.
Methods: fourteen patients were participated in this study. The patients were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and were given the splint after a primary evaluation. They were reevaluated after one, two and three months. In order to assess spasticity, the range of motion, and upper extremity function, the Modified Ashworth Scale [MAS], the goniometry, and fugl-meyer assessment were used respectively. The splints were used 2 hours during the day and the whole night in three months.
Results: The amount of the upper extremity function changes [P [v] =0.07] was not significant: and the amount of the ranges of the motion changes [P [v] =0.02] were statistically significant. The changes in range of motion of other joints and spasticity were not significant [P [v]>.05].
Discussion: The results of the present study indicated that, volar-dorsal wrist/hand immobilization splints can improve the AROM of metha-carpophalengeal joints. Although spasticity, the range of motion of other joints, and the upper extremity function went through some changes due to splinting [3month], these changes were not significant, which requires further research.
ABSTRACT
Spasticity and contracture in flexor muscles of the wrist may occur after stroke, especially in which early recovery did not appear. Splints are prescribed to reduce spasticity and to prevent contracture after stroke. Although there is a few research in this field. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of the Extension splint on function, spasticity, and range of motion of upper extremity in chronic stroke patients. Fourteen patients with chronic cerebro-vascular accident according to inclusion criteria participated in this study, and after initial assessments they were given splints. Goniometry was the method of assessing range of motion, and Fugl-Meyer assessment was used to examine the function of upper extremity, and spasticity of upper limb was evaluated by Modified Ashworth Scale. Patients were instructed to wear the extension splints for 1 month and 2 hours a day and all night [6 to 8 hours]. Assessments were repeated at the end of the first, third and fourth weeks. The difference of wrist`s spasticity level and passive range of motion of wrist were significant before and after 1 month [P<0.001, P=0.01]. And other items did not significantly improve [P>0.05]. Also a result indicates that there are improvements in all outcomes to some extent and these results were not significantly different in the outcomes. The results show that 1-month using of this splint with 30-degrees of wrist extension reduces spasticity and improves passive wrist range of motion. But changes in other outcomes were not significant